Numerical modelling of a two-phase vortex ring flow using the FLA method for the dispersed phase

The mixture preparation phase in gasoline engines is a key process central to automotive engineering. The air-fuel mixture quality directly affects the fuel consumption, exhaust gas emissions and engine life-cycle. One of the most promising concepts in engine design involves injecting the fuel directly into the combustion chamber; gasoline direct injection, (G-DI). In a G-DI engine, the liquid fuel exits the injector nozzle and accelerates the surrounding gas forming mushroom-like patterns of various sizes. These vortex ring-like structures in gasoline fuel sprays have been observed experimentally and the results were compared with the analytical model for a classical vortex ring flow (single phase flow). The current study is focused on the investigation of the droplet distribution in a two-phase vortex-ring flow.