MXene-Reinforced Composite Cryogel Scaffold for Neural Tissue Repair

Mohamed Zoughaib, Svetlana Avdokushina, Irina N. Savina

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

The development of effective materials for neural tissue repair remains a major challenge in regenerative medicine. In this study, we present a novel MXene-reinforced composite cryogel scaffold designed for neural tissue regeneration. MXenes, a class of two-dimensional materials with high conductivity and biocompatibility, were integrated into a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix via cryopolymerization to form a macroporous, mechanically stable scaffold. The morphology, mechanical properties, and swelling behavior of the cryogel with different MXene contents have been assessed. The effects of MXene on the viability/proliferation and differentiation of neural cells (PC-12) cultured in the composite cryogel were elucidated. The MXene/PVA cryogel demonstrated excellent cell-supporting potential, with MXene not only showing no toxicity but also promoting the proliferation of cultured PC-12. Additionally, MXene induced a neuritogenesis-like process in the cells as evidenced by morphological changes and the enhanced expression of the neural marker β-III-tubulin. The neuroprotective properties of the MXene component were revealed by the alleviation of oxidative stress and reduction of intracellular ROS levels. These findings highlight the potential of MXene-embedded PVA cryogel as a promising material that can be further used in conjunction with electrostimulation therapy for advancing strategies in neural tissue engineering.
Original languageEnglish
Article number479
Number of pages15
JournalMolecules
Volume30
Issue number3
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 22 Jan 2025

Keywords

  • MXene
  • cryogel
  • neural cells
  • neuroregeneration
  • neuroprotective properties
  • spinal cord injury

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