Monkeypox: Immune response, vaccination and preventive efforts

Y. Ophinni; A. Frediansyah; S. Sirinam; D. Megawati; A.M. Stoian; S.S. Enitan; R.Y. Akele; R. Sah; K. Pongpirul; Z. Abdeen; S. Aghayeva; A. Ikram; Y. Kebede; U. Wollina; K. Subbaram; A. Koyanagi; A.A. Serouri; H.B. Nguendo-Yongsi; J. Edwards; D.E. Sallam; Y. Khader; S.G. Viveiros-Rosa; Z.A. Memish; M. Amir-Behghadami; S. Vento; M. Rademaker; M. Sallam

doi:10.52225/narra.v2i3.90

Monkeypox: Immune response, vaccination and preventive efforts

Y. Ophinni, A. Frediansyah, S. Sirinam, D. Megawati, A.M. Stoian, S.S. Enitan, R.Y. Akele, R. Sah, K. Pongpirul, Z. Abdeen, S. Aghayeva, A. Ikram, Y. Kebede, U. Wollina, K. Subbaram, A. Koyanagi, A.A. Serouri, H.B. Nguendo-Yongsi, J. Edwards, D.E. SallamY. Khader, S.G. Viveiros-Rosa, Z.A. Memish, M. Amir-Behghadami, S. Vento, M. Rademaker, M. Sallam

School of Applied Sciences

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Infectious threats to humans are continuously emerging. The 2022 worldwide monkeypox outbreak is the latest of these threats with the virus rapidly spreading to 106 countries by the end of September 2022. The burden of the ongoing monkeypox outbreak is manifested by 68,000 cumulative confirmed cases and 26 deaths. Although monkeypox is usually a self-limited disease, patients can suffer from extremely painful skin lesions and complications can occur with reported mortalities. The antigenic similarity between the smallpox virus (variola virus) and monkeypox virus can be utilized to prevent monkeypox using smallpox vaccines; treatment is also based on antivirals initially designed to treat smallpox. However, further studies are needed to fully decipher the immune response to monkeypox virus and the immune evasion mechanisms. In this review we provide an up-to-date discussion of the current state of knowledge regarding monkeypox virus with a special focus on innate immune response, immune evasion mechanisms and vaccination against the virus.

Original language	English
Number of pages	14
Journal	Narra J
Volume	2
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.52225/narra.v2i3.90
Publication status	Published - 22 Oct 2022

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Ophinni, Y., Frediansyah, A., Sirinam, S., Megawati, D., Stoian, A. M., Enitan, S. S., Akele, R. Y., Sah, R., Pongpirul, K., Abdeen, Z., Aghayeva, S., Ikram, A., Kebede, Y., Wollina, U., Subbaram, K., Koyanagi, A., Serouri, A. A., Nguendo-Yongsi, H. B., Edwards, J., ... Sallam, M. (2022). Monkeypox: Immune response, vaccination and preventive efforts. Narra J, 2(3). https://doi.org/10.52225/narra.v2i3.90

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title = "Monkeypox: Immune response, vaccination and preventive efforts",

abstract = "Infectious threats to humans are continuously emerging. The 2022 worldwide monkeypox outbreak is the latest of these threats with the virus rapidly spreading to 106 countries by the end of September 2022. The burden of the ongoing monkeypox outbreak is manifested by 68,000 cumulative confirmed cases and 26 deaths. Although monkeypox is usually a self-limited disease, patients can suffer from extremely painful skin lesions and complications can occur with reported mortalities. The antigenic similarity between the smallpox virus (variola virus) and monkeypox virus can be utilized to prevent monkeypox using smallpox vaccines; treatment is also based on antivirals initially designed to treat smallpox. However, further studies are needed to fully decipher the immune response to monkeypox virus and the immune evasion mechanisms. In this review we provide an up-to-date discussion of the current state of knowledge regarding monkeypox virus with a special focus on innate immune response, immune evasion mechanisms and vaccination against the virus.",

author = "Y. Ophinni and A. Frediansyah and S. Sirinam and D. Megawati and A.M. Stoian and S.S. Enitan and R.Y. Akele and R. Sah and K. Pongpirul and Z. Abdeen and S. Aghayeva and A. Ikram and Y. Kebede and U. Wollina and K. Subbaram and A. Koyanagi and A.A. Serouri and H.B. Nguendo-Yongsi and J. Edwards and D.E. Sallam and Y. Khader and S.G. Viveiros-Rosa and Z.A. Memish and M. Amir-Behghadami and S. Vento and M. Rademaker and M. Sallam",

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doi = "10.52225/narra.v2i3.90",

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Ophinni, Y, Frediansyah, A, Sirinam, S, Megawati, D, Stoian, AM, Enitan, SS, Akele, RY, Sah, R, Pongpirul, K, Abdeen, Z, Aghayeva, S, Ikram, A, Kebede, Y, Wollina, U, Subbaram, K, Koyanagi, A, Serouri, AA, Nguendo-Yongsi, HB, Edwards, J, Sallam, DE, Khader, Y, Viveiros-Rosa, SG, Memish, ZA, Amir-Behghadami, M, Vento, S, Rademaker, M & Sallam, M 2022, 'Monkeypox: Immune response, vaccination and preventive efforts', Narra J, vol. 2, no. 3. https://doi.org/10.52225/narra.v2i3.90

TY - JOUR

T1 - Monkeypox

T2 - Immune response, vaccination and preventive efforts

AU - Ophinni, Y.

AU - Frediansyah, A.

AU - Sirinam, S.

AU - Megawati, D.

AU - Stoian, A.M.

AU - Enitan, S.S.

AU - Akele, R.Y.

AU - Sah, R.

AU - Pongpirul, K.

AU - Abdeen, Z.

AU - Aghayeva, S.

AU - Ikram, A.

AU - Kebede, Y.

AU - Wollina, U.

AU - Subbaram, K.

AU - Koyanagi, A.

AU - Serouri, A.A.

AU - Nguendo-Yongsi, H.B.

AU - Edwards, J.

AU - Sallam, D.E.

AU - Khader, Y.

AU - Viveiros-Rosa, S.G.

AU - Memish, Z.A.

AU - Amir-Behghadami, M.

AU - Vento, S.

AU - Rademaker, M.

AU - Sallam, M.

PY - 2022/10/22

Y1 - 2022/10/22

N2 - Infectious threats to humans are continuously emerging. The 2022 worldwide monkeypox outbreak is the latest of these threats with the virus rapidly spreading to 106 countries by the end of September 2022. The burden of the ongoing monkeypox outbreak is manifested by 68,000 cumulative confirmed cases and 26 deaths. Although monkeypox is usually a self-limited disease, patients can suffer from extremely painful skin lesions and complications can occur with reported mortalities. The antigenic similarity between the smallpox virus (variola virus) and monkeypox virus can be utilized to prevent monkeypox using smallpox vaccines; treatment is also based on antivirals initially designed to treat smallpox. However, further studies are needed to fully decipher the immune response to monkeypox virus and the immune evasion mechanisms. In this review we provide an up-to-date discussion of the current state of knowledge regarding monkeypox virus with a special focus on innate immune response, immune evasion mechanisms and vaccination against the virus.

AB - Infectious threats to humans are continuously emerging. The 2022 worldwide monkeypox outbreak is the latest of these threats with the virus rapidly spreading to 106 countries by the end of September 2022. The burden of the ongoing monkeypox outbreak is manifested by 68,000 cumulative confirmed cases and 26 deaths. Although monkeypox is usually a self-limited disease, patients can suffer from extremely painful skin lesions and complications can occur with reported mortalities. The antigenic similarity between the smallpox virus (variola virus) and monkeypox virus can be utilized to prevent monkeypox using smallpox vaccines; treatment is also based on antivirals initially designed to treat smallpox. However, further studies are needed to fully decipher the immune response to monkeypox virus and the immune evasion mechanisms. In this review we provide an up-to-date discussion of the current state of knowledge regarding monkeypox virus with a special focus on innate immune response, immune evasion mechanisms and vaccination against the virus.

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U2 - 10.52225/narra.v2i3.90

DO - 10.52225/narra.v2i3.90

M3 - Article

SN - 2807-2618

VL - 2

JO - Narra J

JF - Narra J

IS - 3

ER -

Monkeypox: Immune response, vaccination and preventive efforts

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