Effects of a nutritional intervention in obese postmenopausal women on atypical antipsychotics

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effects of a nutritional intervention on the body weight, body composition, blood glucose and lipid levels of obese postmenopausal women taking atypical antipsychotics in Greece. STUDY DESIGN: In a case-control design, 25 obese postmenopausal women treated with antipsychotic medications and 28 obese healthy comparisons were followed for 3 months. A nutritional program was individually designed for each participant. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: At baseline and at 3 months of the study, anthropometric, body composition, blood glucose and lipid measurements were performed. RESULTS: Significant reductions in body weight, body mass index (BMI), fat and waist circumference were found both in the patients and their healthy comparisons from baseline to 3 months (P<0.05). Patients reduced significantly less their BMI (P=0.044) and body fat percentage compared to the healthy women (P=0.023). Waist circumference was significantly reduced in both subject groups, with no significant difference found between them (P=0.07). Glucose and lipid levels were not altered during the intervention in the patients' group, while significant changes were observed in the healthy women in total cholesterol (P=0.016), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (P=0.022) and triglycerides (P=0.042). CONCLUSIONS: Obese postmenopausal women on atypical antipsychotic medication appear to respond favorably to a nutritional program. The improvements seen in BMI and body fat are attenuated in the patients compared to their healthy counterparts; moreover no change in lipid levels was found in the patients' group. These findings suggest that atypical antipsychotics may play an adverse role in fat loss and lipid metabolism in this population.