Bridging Islamic Ethics and Circular Economy: Towards a Halal Circular Economy Framework

The global halal industry—spanning food, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and logistics—is projected to exceed USD 3 trillion by 2025, offering significant economic opportunities while also raising urgent environmental concerns. This study investigates how circular economy (CE) principles are being integrated into halal business practices, situating this inquiry within the ethical and theological foundations of Islamic business ethics. By examining both the religious underpinnings and real-world implementation of sustainability in halal-certified operations, the study proposes a Halal Circular Economy Framework (HCEF) that aligns Shariah principles with contemporary environmental priorities.
Focusing on the UK—a non-Muslim majority country with a halal market worth over £3 billion annually—the research explores how Muslim entrepreneurs and businesses navigate the interface between Islamic ethics, halal certification standards, and national sustainability policies. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study critically examines CE adoption across halal food producers, certification bodies, and retailers, drawing out implications for faith-aligned business strategy and public policy. The ultimate goal is to bridge the gap between Islamic ethical imperatives and modern environmental management, offering both theoretical and actionable contributions to the fields of Islamic finance, sustainability studies, and circular economy policy.