TY - JOUR
T1 - ω-3 LCPUFA supplementation during pregnancy and risk of allergic outcomes or sensitization in offspring
T2 - A systematic review and meta-analysis
AU - Vahdaninia, Mariam
AU - Mackenzie, Healther
AU - Dean, Taraneh
AU - Helps, Suzannah
PY - 2018/12/12
Y1 - 2018/12/12
N2 - Background: Allergic diseases have increased worldwide in the last 2 decades, with children suffering the highest burden of the condition. The ω-3 long-chain poly-unsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) possesses anti-inflammatory properties that could lead to a reduction in inflammatory mediators in allergies. Objective: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the most recent follow-ups of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) was conducted to assess the effectiveness of ω-3 LCPUFA supplementation started during pregnancy on allergic outcomes in offspring. Methods: The RCTs with a minimum of 1-month follow-up post gestation were eligible for inclusion. The CENTRAL, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, WHO's International Clinical Trials Register, E-theses, and Web of Science databases were searched. Study quality was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool. Results: Ten RCTs (3,637 children), from 9 unique trials, examined the effectiveness of ω-3 LCPUFA supplementation started during pregnancy on the development of allergic outcomes in offspring. Heterogeneities were seen between the trials in terms of their sample, type, and duration of intervention and follow-up. Pooled estimates showed a significant reduction in childhood “sensitization to egg” (relative risk [RR] = 0.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.32-0.90), and “sensitization to peanut” (RR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.40-0.96). No statistical differences were found for other allergic outcomes (eg, eczema, asthma/wheeze). Conclusion: These results suggest that intake of ω-3 LCPUFA started during pregnancy can reduce the risk of sensitization to egg and peanut; however, the evidence is limited because of the small number of studies that contributed to the meta-analyses. The current evidence on the association between supplementation with ω-3 LCPUFA started during pregnancy and allergic outcomes is weak, because of the risk of bias and heterogeneities between studies.
AB - Background: Allergic diseases have increased worldwide in the last 2 decades, with children suffering the highest burden of the condition. The ω-3 long-chain poly-unsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) possesses anti-inflammatory properties that could lead to a reduction in inflammatory mediators in allergies. Objective: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the most recent follow-ups of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) was conducted to assess the effectiveness of ω-3 LCPUFA supplementation started during pregnancy on allergic outcomes in offspring. Methods: The RCTs with a minimum of 1-month follow-up post gestation were eligible for inclusion. The CENTRAL, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, WHO's International Clinical Trials Register, E-theses, and Web of Science databases were searched. Study quality was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool. Results: Ten RCTs (3,637 children), from 9 unique trials, examined the effectiveness of ω-3 LCPUFA supplementation started during pregnancy on the development of allergic outcomes in offspring. Heterogeneities were seen between the trials in terms of their sample, type, and duration of intervention and follow-up. Pooled estimates showed a significant reduction in childhood “sensitization to egg” (relative risk [RR] = 0.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.32-0.90), and “sensitization to peanut” (RR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.40-0.96). No statistical differences were found for other allergic outcomes (eg, eczema, asthma/wheeze). Conclusion: These results suggest that intake of ω-3 LCPUFA started during pregnancy can reduce the risk of sensitization to egg and peanut; however, the evidence is limited because of the small number of studies that contributed to the meta-analyses. The current evidence on the association between supplementation with ω-3 LCPUFA started during pregnancy and allergic outcomes is weak, because of the risk of bias and heterogeneities between studies.
KW - Systematic Review
KW - Meta-analysis
KW - omega-3 Fatty acids
KW - Fish oil
KW - n-3 LCPUFA
KW - Allergies
KW - Childhood allergies
KW - Asthma
KW - Wheeze
KW - Wheezing
KW - Asthma/wheeze
KW - Sensitisation
KW - Food allergy
KW - Eczema
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85059616475&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.anai.2018.12.008
DO - 10.1016/j.anai.2018.12.008
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85059616475
SN - 1081-1206
VL - 122
SP - 302
EP - 313
JO - Annals of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology
JF - Annals of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology
IS - 3
ER -