Yagmur Kizilay Bicer

     My main concern in this research process is to investigate how sovereign power is the origin of violence and evil, how it legitimizes its authority, sanctifies itself, and condemns its citizens to obedience. It is important to see how sovereign power creates meanings and through these meanings how it envelops and limits people's lives, and moreover, how threatens them. It is also necessary to reveal how sovereign power takes away the absolute freedom of the human race by force or indirectly through persuasion methods. Thus, the anticipated ultimate contribution of the study to the research field will be to emphasize and reveal why a new world order in which the sovereign state is not effective is necessary and important. In this context, the desire of a new world order needs vital justifications such as to understand and reveal the origin of the modern world's evil in which the sovereign powers dominate.
     As a matter of fact, even under the regimes that are called ideal regimes, people are the object of violence and they are subjected to all these by the state institutions and security forces. However, in the Middle East, the debates on regional and political order are generally addressed through elements that will ensure the statehood and interstate issues. Most of these debates are shaped around how these elements should be or the quest for an ideal regime. However, I believe that it should be discussed that the origins of the evil that people are exposed in this geography to despite the many different regimes are whether the elements of the regimes (economic, juridical, political and religious) and the relations of states with each other or the sovereign power, the sovereign state is itself.
     I think that in line with this purpose Agamben’s argument presents a significant scope to make sense of main issues such as terror, terror and state relations, endless war and violence in the Middle East despite their different regimes. He argues that the origin of all kinds of violence, control, surveillance, and oppression is neither religion nor law; it is biopolitical sovereigns. Moreover, according to him, the secret root of the regimes that are called ideal regimes comes to light with its secret biopolitical character, a character that presents itself as a bearer of the rights and formal liberties. In this context, Agamben's theory provides ontological elements of the biopolitics and governmentality that entail the world to a global civil war and reveal the metaphysical basis that prepares the ground for violence (Agamben, 1998). By following this perspective it can be possible to examine and reveal how the sovereign powers have abused citizen's rights through the power to recognize rights, and how they justify their violence by a paradoxical exclusion.
     Ultimately, the fact that this study reveals the real face of sovereigns in some special regions in the Middle East in all its details will explain why there is an objection to the modern order dominated by the sovereign powers.